The most exciting innovation in history is the Internet. The trip began in 1969 as a component of a study project, and by the 1990s, it had gained widespread attention. If you are reading this today, you have much to be grateful for: the Internet. However, have you ever considered how the basic internet operates?
We will cover several topics in this essay or article, including the infrastructure, operation, and many other aspects of the Internet. Prepare yourself for a thorough exploration of the Internet Working Process, beginning with a brief history.
Brief background of Internet:
Over time, technology has seen significant transformation. The Internet is used by over 2 billion people worldwide and has become a necessity in today's world. Therefore, it is undeniable that no single person could have built the internet because it began as a host-to-host network connection in 1969.
Thus, a group of scholars worked on this concept, and with the aid of programmers and architects, ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) created the Internet in 1969 under the name ARPANET. Let's talk about everything step-by-step right now, before we get started.
- The internet is defined as a global network of linked computers, servers, phones, and smart appliances that communicate with each other using the transmission control protocol (TCP) standard to enable the fast exchange of information and files, along with other types of services.
The internet is a global network of interconnected computers, servers, phones, and smart appliances that communicate with each other using the transmission control protocol (TCP) standard to enable a fast exchange of information and files, along with other types of services.
How Internet Works
Source: Visual Paradigm
The internet is a global hub of computer networks — a network of connections wherein users at any workstation may, with authorization, receive data from every other system (and often interact with users working on other computers).
Internet infrastructure comprises optical fiber data transmission cables or copper wires, as well as numerous additional networking infrastructures, such as local area networks (LAN), wide area networks (WAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN), etc. Sometimes wireless services such as 4G and 5G or WiFi necessitate similar physical cable installations for internet access.
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) in the United States controls the internet and its associated technologies, such as IP addresses.
How Does the Internet Work?
The internet delivers different types of information and media across networked devices. It operates using an internet protocol (IP) and a transport control protocol (TCP) packet routing network. Whenever you visit a website, your computer or mobile device requests the server using such protocols.
A server is where web pages are stored, and it functions similarly to the hard drive of a computer, except with far greater processing power. The server accesses the web page and delivers the right information to your computer whenever the request arrives. This is broadly the end-to-end user experience. Let us now look at the more technical details of how the Internet works
So, Who Owns It?
The short answer, which may seem contradictory, is no one and everyone. Allow us to clarify.
The internet is not controlled by a single entity or individual. Similar to the international telephone network, it cannot be entirely attributed to any one person, business, or government. Nonetheless, a large number of people, businesses, and governments own different portions of it.
There is an owner for each and every phone pole, cable, satellite, router, datacenter, etc. However, by alone, they are essentially worthless; only when they are linked together do they become the internet.
sending messages from one network to another
The following step is to transmit the information from your network to the target network. To accomplish this, the network must establish a connection with an internet service provider (ISP). An ISP is a service that administers specified routers that are interconnected and also have access to the routers of other ISPs. Therefore, the data from the host network is delivered to the target network via the web of ISP networks.
To deliver a message to a system, it is important to identify which computer it should be sent to. Therefore, every machine connected to a network has a unique identifying address known as an “IP address” (here, IP refers to internet protocol). It is an address consisting of four integers separated by periods, such as 192.168.2.10. There are several versions of IP; currently, we are in IPv4 and IPv6 iterations, depending on the region.
